Space Weather

Space weather describes changing environmental conditions in near-Earth space. Magnetic fields, radiation, particles and matter, which have been ejected from the Sun, can interact with the Earth’s upper atmosphere and surrounding magnetic field to produce a  variety of effects.

Image courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams

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Aurora forecasts

Northern Hemisphere

A passing Coronal Mass Ejection may bring a slight enhancement to the aurora early on Monday (UTC). This will bring the possibility of visible aurora across particularly northern Scotland and similar magnetic latitudes. However, the shortened hours of darkness at this time of year will significantly limit viewing opportunities.

Southern Hemisphere

A passing Coronal Mass Ejection may bring a slight enhancement to the aurora early on Monday (UTC). This will bring the possibility of visible aurora from the south of New Zealand and similar magnetic latitudes.

Issued at: 00:40 (GMT) on Mon 27 Jul 2026

Forecast overview

Space Weather Forecast Headline: Chance of Moderate-class flares. Chance of G1/Minor storms, slight chance of G2/Moderate storms, early 27 Jul with any CME arrival. 

Analysis of Space Weather Activity over past 24 hours

Solar Activity: Solar activity has been Moderate with one Moderate-class flare peaking at 26/1528 UTC. There are now eight sunspot regions on the visible disc. A region in the southwest just about remains the largest region, however analysis is becoming more difficult as it starts to approach the western limb. A region near south centre disc has started to fade, with magnetic complexity reducing, however it does have a slightly unusual magnetic configuration. It has also been responsible for the largest flare of the last 24 hours. Another region near south centre disc has been continuing to grow slowly, but so far has a fairly straightforward magnetic configuration. The spots in the northeast now appear to be three separate regions, with an additional region developing in recent hours. The remaining regions appear simple and stable for the time being.

A Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) may have been associated with the Moderate-class flare, however a lack of coronagraph imagery is making analysis difficult, so this is still pending.

Solar Wind / Geomagnetic Activity: Solar winds indicated the recent coronal hole fast winds were erratically easing. Wind speeds were between 470-550 km/s, but are now near 430 km/s. Interplanetary Magnetic Field was weak, with the north-south component also varying weakly. Geomagnetic activity was Quiet (Kp0-2).

Energetic Particles / Solar Radiation: The count rate of energetic particles (high energy protons) persisted at background levels with no Solar Radiation storms observed.

Four-Day Space Weather Forecast Summary

Solar Activity: Low to Moderate activity is expected with a chance of further isolated Moderate-class flares. 

Solar Wind / Geomagnetic Activity: A CME which left the Sun on 24 July could arrive at Earth early on Day 1 (27 Jul), however confidence in this only moderate. Another CME possibly emerged on 26 July, but analysis is still pending. An Earth directed component to any CME seems likely given the location of the eruption. The recent coronal hole fast winds continue to wane, but should the CME hit then wind speeds are likely to become elevated once again, with slow wind conditions then returning through Days 2-3 (28-29 Jul). 

Geomagnetic activity is expected to be Quiet to Unsettled at first, perhaps increasing to Active to G1/Minor Storm with a slight chance of G2/Moderate storms should the CME arrive early on Day 1. Any activity should then gradually ease to become Quiet to Unsettled once again into Day 2.

Energetic Particles / Solar Radiation: The count rate of energetic particles (high energy protons) is most likely to remain at background levels.

Issued at: 00:11 (GMT) on Mon 27 Jul 2026

Solar imagery

SDO AIA-193

This channel highlights the outer atmosphere of the Sun - called the corona - as well as hot flare plasma. Hot active regions, solar flares, and coronal mass ejections will appear bright here. The dark areas - called coronal holes - are places where very little radiation is emitted, yet are the main source of solar wind particles.

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SDO AIA-304

This channel is especially good at showing areas where cooler dense plumes of plasma (filaments and prominences) are located above the visible surface of the Sun. Many of these features either can't be seen or appear as dark lines in the other channels. The bright areas show places where the plasma has a high density.

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